Incidence of mrab nosocomial infection was high during this. The incidence of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug and extendeddrug resistant strains of acinetobacter is constantly increasing all over the world, with a high mortality rate. These isolates were less frequently resistant to imipenem or ciprofloxacin than were nonbiofilmforming isolates 25% vs. Apr 15, 2008 multidrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii is a rapidly emerging pathogen in the health care setting, where it causes infections that include bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infection, and wound infection. Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis pfge identified 58 pfge types that were subjected to susceptibility testing, rpob gene. Nosocomial bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii. It is difficult both to control and infection caused is difficult to treat due to its high resistance in. A major threat worldwide herve richet, md, pierre edouard fournier, md currently, acinetobacter baumannii is considered to be an important and emerging hospitalacquired pathogen world. Multiantibiotic resistant acinetobacter baumannii, is now recognized to be of great clinical significance. Acinetobacter baumannii can cause serious healthcareassociated infections hais and the incidence is increasing, with many strains now resistant to multiple antibiotic classes.
In asian and certain latin american countries, acinetobacter is one of the three most common causes of bacteremia and nosocomial pneumonia 3943. The genus acinetobacter is a major cause of nosocomial infections. The aims of this study were to examine factors associated with hais caused by antimicrobialresistant as compared with antimicrobialsusceptible strains of a. The clonal diversity of 729 epidemic strains isolated from 19 spanish hospitals mainly from intensive care units was analyzed over an 11year period. Nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving continuous mechanical ventilation. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen that is rapidly evolving toward multidrug resistance and is involved in various nosocomial infections that are often severe. Nosocomial multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection. The standard investigation used spatiotemporal data and pfge to generate a chain of transmission.
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for serious infections in hospitalized patients. The immune response against acinetobacter baumannii, an. Acinetobacter baumannii infection what you need to know. It typically infects people inside a healthcare facility doctors refer to these as nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections caused by strains acinetobacter baumannii strands are a growing clinical problem. Application of bacteriophagecontaining aerosol against. It is difficult to control and infection caused is difficult to treat due to its. It can also colonize or live in a patient without causing infections or symptoms, especially in. Biofilm formation in 92 unrelated strains of acinetobacter baumannii isolated in a multicentre cohort study was investigated using a microtitre plate assay. Acinetobacter baumannii and acinetobacter dna group 3 are members of the socalled a. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen that causes a number of specific diseases, such as bacteraemia and respiratory tract, urinary tract, and wound infections.
Pandrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial. The outer membrane protein a ompa of the acinetobacter genus is involved in bacterial virulence. Environmental contamination by carbapenemresistant acinetobacter baumannii. Therefore, we compared the incidence of acinetobacter baumannii infection in children treated in pediatric icu picu and in those treated in adult icus. Bacteremia, followed by respiratory tract and surgical wound infections, is the.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent etiology of nosocomial infections worldwide, posing a major challenge due to its great ability to develop resistance against antibiotics 1,2. The recent increase in incidence, largely associated with infected combat troops returning from conflict zones, coupled with a dramatic increase in the incidence of multidrugresistant mdr strains, has significantly raised the profile of this emerging opportunistic pathogen. Acinetobacter baumannii is the etiologic agent of a wide range of nosocomial infections, including pneumonia, bacteremia, and skin infections. The recent increase in incidence, largely associated with infected combat troops returning from conflict zones, coupled with a dramatic increase in the incidence of multidrugresistant mdr strains, has significantly raised the profile of this. Acinetobacter baumannii, and it is the newest nosocomial threat. From a total of 78 consecutive nonrepetitive acinetobacter spp. Nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii infection in children.
We sought to control infection due to multidrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii mdrab by identifying isolates as clonally related, leading to enhanced infection control measures, including cohorting, surveillance, contact precaution, initial therapy with ampicillinsulbactam and local polymyxin b, and, more recently, therapy with synergistic antibiotic combinations. Nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii. Investigation of a carbapenemaseproducing acinetobacter. It is difficult to control and infection caused is difficult to treat due to its high resistance in the environment and its ability to develop resistance to antimicrobials. It is also becoming a predominant nosocomial pathogen in india 3338. Risk factors for multidrug resistant acinetobacter. Sex bias of acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial infection. Nosocomial bacteremia due to acinetobacter baumannii core. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important cause of nosocomial infections in many hospitals, which is difficult to both control and treat because of its prolonged environmental survival and its ability to develop resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents.
Over the last 45 years, an alarming increase in the antibiotic resistance of this opportunistic microorganism has been reported, a situation that hinders effective treatments. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the major pathogens involved in nosocomial outbreaks. While there are many species of acinetobacter that can cause human disease, acinetobacter baumannii a. Outcomes of acinetobacter baumannii infection in critically.
Infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii have become a critical problem for hospital patients world wide. Clonal diversity of nosocomial epidemic acinetobacter. Methods patients aged nosocomial infections, multidrug. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospitalacquired infections. In 1986 a new taxonomy was established for the acinetobacter genus, of which a. Risk factors for nosocomial imipenemresistant acinetobacter. Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis pfge identified 58 pfge types that were subjected to susceptibility testing, rpob gene sequencing, and multilocus. Acinetobacter baumannii microbiological, virulence, and. Acinetobacter baumannii is a typically short, almost round, rodshaped coccobacillus gramnegative bacterium. Once detected within specific areas of the hospital, various levels of intervention have been attempted to reduce the incidence and prevalence of. Nevertheless, nosocomial acinetobacter infections have been observed more frequently in the summer than in other seasons. We analyzed the inhospital data on the sensitivity of acinetobacter baumannii isolates and correlated them with antibiotic treatment and clinical outcomes of nosocomial infections over.
Nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii infection in children in. Characterization of carbapenemresistant acinetobacter. During the last decade, nosocomial infections caused by multidrugresistant a. Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial infections request pdf. Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterium that can cause a range of diseases. Molecular epidemiology of nosocomial infection associated with multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii by infrequentrestrictionsite pcr. Environmental contamination by carbapenemresistant. Multi antibiotic resistant acinetobacter baumannii, is now recognized. Considerations in control and treatment of nosocomial. December application of bacteriophagecontaining aerosol against nosocomial transmission of carbapenemresistant acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit yuhuai ho 0 1 chunchieh tseng 1 lihshinn wang 0 1 yiting chen 1 guanjin ho 1 teng yi lin 1 lingyi wang 1 likuang chen 1 0 division of infectious diseases, department of internal medicine, buddhist tzu. Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen of considerable importance, given the high mortality related to pneumonia in patients with this infection 1 x 1 fagon, jy, chastre, j, domart, y et al.
Clinical and economic impact of multidrug resistance in. It grows in moist environments and often leads to nosocomial outbreaks, which may explain the wide. Methods patients aged acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosain health care facilities. Pdf molecular epidemiology of nosocomial infection. Two hundred twentyone isolates of acinetobacter baumannii and 15 of acinetobacter genospecies 3 ag3 were consecutively collected in a 30day period during the nationwide project geihab2000. Resistant acinetobacter baumannii in a tertiary care university hospital. Objective of this study was to investigate nosocomial a. Incidence, risk factors and outcome of multidrug resistant.
It can be spread by direct contact and may be found on skin or in food, water, or soil. An acinetobacter baumannii infection is caused by the acinetobacter baumannii bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii can cause infections in the blood, urinary tract, and lungs pneumonia, or in wounds in other parts of the body. Risk factors for multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii. It can cause serious infections in the lungs, blood, and brain. Risk factors and impact of nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections in the adult intensive care unit.
Nosocomial infection of multidrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii. It may also cause urinary tract and wound infections. Acinetobacter is a gramnegative bacterium commonly found in soil and water. Clinical features of infections and colonization by. Acinetobacter baumannii is known for its virulence in severely ill, hospitalized patients and for exhibiting multidrug resistance. Soldiers can be carriers of the disease without ever showing symptoms because this bacterium doesnot act unless the host has a weakened immune system. Retrospective analysis was performed at the clinical center bezanijska kosa, belgrade, serbia. To determine the rate of clinical cure, the incidence of drug resistance, and the mortality rate associated with a. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nonfermenting, gramnegative coccobacillus, which. Pdf nosocomial acinetobacter baumannii infections and. Healthcare provider information sheet for acinetobacter. Clinical and pathophysiological overview of acinetobacter.
Risk factors for hospitalacquired antimicrobialresistant. It can also colonize or live in a patient without causing infections or symptoms, especially in respiratory secretions sputum or open wounds. Risk factors for infection by acinetobacter baumannii in. The cpab outbreak occurred in a single center between 2012 and 2014. Epidemiological investigation of nosocomial infection with multidrug. The effects of room type and cleaning methods volume 41 issue 2 anat or lerner, jalal abuhanna, yehuda carmeli, vered schechner. Our study retrospectively attempts to find risk and prognostic factors for the nosocomial acquisition of acinetobacter infection. In the intensive care setting, acinetobacter baumannii causes ventilatorassociated pneumonia and other nosocomial infections that are difficult to treat. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important cause of nosocomial infections in many hospitals.
774 501 754 500 1254 1035 1481 1569 1592 495 199 456 112 512 670 81 242 1094 1526 56 630 1593 1337 276 646 672 1174 240 1047 836 822 1395 735 393 961 993 642 606 763 35 781 926 97 1484 598 1043 922 1222 832